Alexander H. Johnston – The Boy Drummer of the 54th Massachusetts
Alexander H. Johnston was a courageous young boy who became a symbol of bravery and patriotism during the American Civil War. At just 12 years old, he joined one of the most famous Union regiments in history—the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the first official African American regiment raised in the North during the war.
Although he was too young to fight with a musket, Alexander served as a drummer boy, an important role in Civil War armies. Drummers were responsible for sounding commands during battles, helping soldiers know when to advance, retreat, or change formation. The beat of the drum was a lifeline amid the chaos of battle.
Johnston stood out for his youth and his bravery under fire. He was at the Battle of Fort Wagner in July 1863, one of the most intense and heroic engagements fought by the 54th Massachusetts. During the battle, the regiment launched a courageous but deadly assault on a Confederate fort in South Carolina. Although the attack resulted in heavy losses, including the death of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw, Alexander remained with his regiment, drumming through danger and fear.
Despite his small size and young age, Alexander H. Johnston showed extraordinary courage in one of the most dangerous places a boy could be—on the battlefield. His presence reminded many of the deep sacrifices made not just by grown men, but by children who believed in the cause of freedom and unity.
Why He's Remembered
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Symbol of Youthful Patriotism – At only 12, Alexander risked his life alongside older soldiers for a cause he believed in.
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Hero of the 54th Massachusetts – He served with honor in one of the most groundbreaking and historically important African American regiments.
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Inspiration for Generations – His story shows that courage doesn't depend on age, size, or rank—it comes from the heart.
Alexander H. Johnston is remembered as a boy hero, not just for what he did, but for who he stood with and what he stood for.
Look for They Shot MY Drum, book 3 in the Teen Warrior Series